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首页> 外文OA文献 >Microsurgical Anatomy for Lateral Approaches to the Foramen Magnum with Special Reference to Transcondylar Fossa (Supracondylar Transjugular Tubercle) Approach
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Microsurgical Anatomy for Lateral Approaches to the Foramen Magnum with Special Reference to Transcondylar Fossa (Supracondylar Transjugular Tubercle) Approach

机译：巨大通孔横向入路的显微外科解剖学，特别参考Trans突窝（ju上经颈静脉结节）入路

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摘要

Microsurgical anatomy for lateral approaches to the foramen magnum, especially for transcondylar fossa (supracondylar transjugular tubercle) approach, was studied using cadavers. The transcondylar fossa approach is an approach in which extradural removal of the posterior portion of the jugular tubercle through the condylar fossa is added to the far lateral approach. Some differences between this approach and the transcondylar approach are demonstrated. The atlanto-occipital joint and the jugular tubercle are obstacles for the lateral approaches. The condylar fossa forming the external occipital surface of the jugular tubercle is located supero-posterior to the occipital condyle. The fossa is limited laterally by the sigmoid sulcus and the jugular foramen. The posterior condylar canal communicating anteriorly with the distal end of the sigmoid sulcus, the jugular foramen, or the hypoglossal canal opens at the bottom of the fossa. The condyle is situated inferior to the posterior condylar and hypoglossal canals, and the jugular tubercle is located superior to them. In the transcondylar fossa approach the posterior part of the jugular tubercle is extradurally removed, but the condyle and the atlanto-occipital joint are untouched. On the other band, in the transcondylar approach the medial parts of the condyle and the lateral mass of Cl are removed. The latter approach offers better visualization of the inferior part of the foramen magnum. The essential difference of the two approaches is in the direction of looking and the extent of resection of the atlanto-occipital joint. Both approaches offer excellent view of the ventral dural space in the lower clivus and the foramen magnum, but the level of exposure differs somewhat between them. In the lateral approaches to the foramen magnum, the condylar fossa, the posterior condylar canal, and the posterior condylar emissary vein all play an important role as intraoperative anatomical landmarks.
机译：使用尸体研究了大孔旁侧入路的显微外科手术解剖学，尤其是trans突窝（su上经颈静脉结节）入路。 con突窝入路是通过远侧入路增加硬膜外通过through突从颈the结节后部去除的方法。证明了这种方法与the突方法之间的一些差异。寰枕关节和颈结节是外侧入路的障碍。形成颈椎结节的枕外表面的con突窝位于枕骨con的后上方。窝由乙状沟和颈孔横向限制。 con后管与乙状沟，颈孔或舌下管的远端在前方连通，位于窝底部。 con突位于后con突和舌下管下方，而颈结节位于其上方。在con突窝入路时，颈外结节后部被硬膜外切除，但the和寰枕关节未触及。在另一带上，在跨con突入路时，removed的内侧部分和Cl的外侧块被去除。后一种方法可以更好地可视化大孔眼的下部。两种方法的本质区别在于寰枕关节切除的方向和切除范围。两种方法都可以很好地观察下锁骨下部和大孔的硬脑膜硬膜外腔，但是两者之间的暴露程度有所不同。在大孔的外侧入路中，con突窝，con后管和con后突静脉均作为术中解剖标志物发挥重要作用。

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